The Critical-Theoretical Analysis of Aziza Hibri Concerning “Monotheistic Justice” in the Holy Qur’ān

From the viewpoint of Aziza Hibri, monotheism is the basis of Qur’ānic teachings, with respect to which all Islamic principles find their meanings. In this respect, in processing her theory concerning justice in the Qur’ān, she first proceeds to prove and elucidate the Qur’ānic monotheism and then goes on to delve into different aspects of justice, the degree and balance in God’s creatures, individual, social, and familial life of human beings by taking into consideration the two Qur’ānic concepts of “justice” (‘adl) and “balance” (al-mīzān). In contrast, from the viewpoint of Aziza Hibri, negligence of this point, causes one to entangle in Satanic argumentation, i.e., superiority-seeking, hence lack of justice in Muslims’ life; because, according to the Qur’ānic verses, Iblis was the first to claim superiority and refused prostrating to Adam (A.S.). Nevertheless, Hibri’s theory has some problems in this respect, too; like, in the Qur’ān, selection of an Islamic ruler is not based on people’s allegiance and equality of votes; rather, it is God’s exclusive right. Furthermore, with respect to the differences of man and woman in view of the Qur’ān, justice does not mean equality, it rather means difference.