With the supposition that the salvation formula in the Qur’ān, given the frequency of its use in the āyas (verses), is faith and righteous act, the writer of the article raises the question as to why in this formula ethics has not been mentioned as spiritual attributes and virtues, although the inner aspect (bāṭin) has been highly emphasized both in traditions and āyas. The writer has tried to bring up and study the viable hypotheses on this issue. In this respect, he has discussed ten hypotheses, criticizing eight of them and confirming the remaining two.
)