Axiology is one of the important issues in the philosophy of education which is studied and discussed in the philosophy of Islamic education with a rational or discursive method, or on the basis of intellect, or according to the intellect derived from Revelation. The present article addresses the role of monotheism in the axiology of the philosophy of education on the basis of the Holy Qur'ān's doctrines. The writer believes that according to the verses of the Holy Qur'ān only the deeds of the pious would be deemed as valuable and that the quorum for accepting anything desirable as a value is the two components of faith and intention, which incorporate the highest level of piety. Since monotheism has a key role in increasing faith and purity of intention and thus increasing piety, it is also exclusively pivotal in development and upgrading the real values in the individual and society. That is to say, once monotheism in deeds and in belief permeates the individual and society, the latter’s values would penetrate from the surface down to the dept; and then these values would be impossible to change. Therefore, it is incumbent upon the authorities of the education system to make endeavors in strengthening monotheism in deeds and in belief in the veins of society through various approaches in order to safeguard the Islamic society against any dangers of changing the Islamic and Qur'ānic values.
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